What Are Stocks?

Stocks, also referred to as shares or equities, represent ownership in a company. There are two main types of stock: common and preferred. Owning stock in a company gives the shareholder a stake in the company’s success through potential dividends or the appreciation of the stock’s price.

Understanding Stocks

When you purchase stocks, you’re buying a piece of that company. This ownership gives you the right to participate in the company’s successes (or losses).

How Stocks Work: Companies issue stocks to raise capital, either for initial setup or expansion. Once issued, stocks are traded between buyers and sellers on stock exchanges, like the NYSE or NASDAQ (commonly referred as the stock market).

Valuation: The value of a stock is determined by various factors, including the company’s financial health, industry trends, market sentiment, and global economic factors.

Dividends: Some companies distribute a portion of their profits to stockholders through dividends. However, not all stocks provide dividends. Instead, some companies reinvest profits back into the business.

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Why Invest in Stocks?

Stocks have historically offered higher returns over the long run compared to other assets such as bonds or bank savings accounts. When included in a portfolio, they offer diversification, helping to mitigate risks. Additionally, their easy sale on the stock market ensures liquidity for investors.

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What is an ETF?

An ETF, or Exchange Traded Fund, is a type of investment fund that is traded on stock exchanges, much like individual stocks. An ETF holds multiple assets such as stocks, commodities, or bonds and generally aims to track the performance of a specific index.

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